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The mechanisms of radiotherapy (RT) in cancer treatment are both by immunity and non-immunity pathways. According to different absorbed doses, the immune modulating effect of RT comprises of tumor microenvironment modulating effect, immune-modulatory effect as well as immune-ablative effect. RT could improve the therapeutic efficacy of immunotherapy, while immunotherapy could enlarge the immunity activating effect induced by RT in turn. Therefore, RT is emerging as a valuable partner of cancer immunotherapy. RT regimens have a vital impact on immunity within tumor microenvironment. Stereotactic body RT (SBRT) has obvious advantages regarding interferon production and abscopal effect. At present, potentially sub-ablative RT regimen of 8 Gy plus 3 fractionations is the most widely used SBRT. Several novel RT regimens, such as hybrid fractionation, singular site irradiation and multisite irradiation, have been designed to maximize the immune induction effect and improve the combination efficacy with immunotherapy in metastatic malignancies. In this review, the latest advances in the immune effect of RT were discussed and novel SBRT regimens were proposed, aiming to provide reference for enhancing the efficacy of radio-immunotherapy or immuno-radiotherapy in clinical practice.
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Objective:To explore the methods of improving the clinical thinking ability of clinical medical interns in neurology department.Methods:Clinical medical interns from 2017 to 2018 were selected as the research subjects. The clinical medical interns in 2018 and in 2017 were set as the experimental group (98 people) and the control group (95 people). In the clinical practice of the neurology department, the experimental group was trained in clinical thinking ability, and the control group was trained by the traditional methods. Before the end of the internship, the self-made Clinical Medical Interns Clinical Thinking Ability Questionnaire was used to evaluate the teaching effect. SPSS 14.0 was used for t-test and Chi-square test. Results:The experimental group and the control group had the problems of one-sidedness, appearance, fixedness, passivity, laziness, simplification, confusion of clinical thinking. The clinical thinking problems in the experimental group were significantly improved than those in the control group ( P<0.001). There were significant differences in clinical thinking between the experimental group and the control group in terms of one-sidedness, appearance, fixedness, passivity and laziness ( P<0.05). In addition to language communication and expression ability, the self-assessment score of clinical thinking ability in the experimental group was statistically different from that in the control group ( P<0.05). Compared with the control group, there were also significant differences in the examination results of the experimental group ( P< 0.05). Conclusion:The implementation of clinical thinking training in neurology practice is conducive to cultivating students' clinical thinking ability and improving the quality of personnel training.
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ObjectiveTo investigate the protective effect of Zuoguiwan against 60Co-γ ray-induced premature aging of rats based on the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinases/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin （PI3K/Akt/mTOR） signaling pathway. MethodSixty sexually mature female SD rats were irradiated with 60Co-γ rays （6.0 Gy， LD40） for 24 h at one time. Then they were randomized into model group， Bujiale group （0.18 g·kg-1·d-1）， Bujiale （0.09 g·kg-1·d-1） + high-dose Zuoguiwan group （23.625 g·kg-1·d-1）， high-dose Zuoguiwan group （23.625 g·kg-1·d-1）， medium-dose Zuoguiwan group （9.45 g·kg-1·d-1）， and low-dose Zuoguiwan group （4.725 g·kg-1·d-1）. The administration （once a day） lasted 21 days. Serum indexes ［follicle-stimulating hormone （FSH）， luteinizing hormone （LH）， and estradiol （E2）］ of rats were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）， and morphological changes of ovarian tissues were observed based on hematoxylin and eosin （HE） staining. The apoptosis rate of granulosa cells was detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling （TUNEL） and the protein expression of phosphorylated （p）-PI3K， p-Akt， p-mTOR， B-cell lymphoma-2 （Bcl-2）， and Bcl-2-associated X protein （Bax） in ovarian tissues by Western blot. ResultCompared with normal group， model group demonstrated increase in serum FSH （P<0.01）， decrease in E2 （P<0.05）， and reduction of follicles and luteum in early ovary （P<0.01）. Moreover， the elevation of apoptosis rate of granulosa cells （P<0.01）， down-regulation of p-PI3K， p-Akt， p-mTOR， and Bcl-2 in ovarian tissue， and increase in expression of Bax were also observed in the model group as compared with the normal group （P<0.01）. In comparison with the model group， the administration groups showed rise of the number of early ovarian follicles， decrease in the apoptosis rate of granulosa cells， increase in the expression of p-PI3K， p-Akt， p-mTOR， and Bcl-2， and down-regulation of Bax， particularly the Bujiale + high-dose Zuoguiwan group（P<0.05，P<0.01）. ConclusionZuoguiwan protects radiation-damaged ovary by activating the expression of PI3K/Akt/mTOR protein in ovarian tissue， increasing Bcl-2， and inhibiting the expression of Bax.
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ObjectiveTo investigate the protective effect of Zuoguiwan against 60Co-γ ray-induced premature aging of rats based on the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinases/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin （PI3K/Akt/mTOR） signaling pathway. MethodSixty sexually mature female SD rats were irradiated with 60Co-γ rays （6.0 Gy， LD40） for 24 h at one time. Then they were randomized into model group， Bujiale group （0.18 g·kg-1·d-1）， Bujiale （0.09 g·kg-1·d-1） + high-dose Zuoguiwan group （23.625 g·kg-1·d-1）， high-dose Zuoguiwan group （23.625 g·kg-1·d-1）， medium-dose Zuoguiwan group （9.45 g·kg-1·d-1）， and low-dose Zuoguiwan group （4.725 g·kg-1·d-1）. The administration （once a day） lasted 21 days. Serum indexes ［follicle-stimulating hormone （FSH）， luteinizing hormone （LH）， and estradiol （E2）］ of rats were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）， and morphological changes of ovarian tissues were observed based on hematoxylin and eosin （HE） staining. The apoptosis rate of granulosa cells was detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling （TUNEL） and the protein expression of phosphorylated （p）-PI3K， p-Akt， p-mTOR， B-cell lymphoma-2 （Bcl-2）， and Bcl-2-associated X protein （Bax） in ovarian tissues by Western blot. ResultCompared with normal group， model group demonstrated increase in serum FSH （P<0.01）， decrease in E2 （P<0.05）， and reduction of follicles and luteum in early ovary （P<0.01）. Moreover， the elevation of apoptosis rate of granulosa cells （P<0.01）， down-regulation of p-PI3K， p-Akt， p-mTOR， and Bcl-2 in ovarian tissue， and increase in expression of Bax were also observed in the model group as compared with the normal group （P<0.01）. In comparison with the model group， the administration groups showed rise of the number of early ovarian follicles， decrease in the apoptosis rate of granulosa cells， increase in the expression of p-PI3K， p-Akt， p-mTOR， and Bcl-2， and down-regulation of Bax， particularly the Bujiale + high-dose Zuoguiwan group（P<0.05，P<0.01）. ConclusionZuoguiwan protects radiation-damaged ovary by activating the expression of PI3K/Akt/mTOR protein in ovarian tissue， increasing Bcl-2， and inhibiting the expression of Bax.
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Objective:To analyze the causes and epidemiological characteristics of an outbreak of cutaneous anthrax in Huanan County of Jiamusi City, Heilongjiang Province, so as to provide scientific basis for prevention and control of anthrax.Methods:According to the "Anthrax Epidemiological Case Investigation Form", the field epidemiological investigation was used to investigate the anthrax cases reported in the disease surveillance information report management system (including epidemiological contact history and close contact information); the wound secretion and blood sample anthrax case of and tissue samples of diseased cattle were collected for laboratory testing ( Bacillus anthracis smear microscopy, bacterial isolation and culture, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay). Results:A total of 8 cases of cutaneous anthrax were reported in this epidemic, including 6 clinically diagnosed cases and 2 confirmed cases (1 death), all of whom were farmers. The diseased cattle tissue samples were examined by smear microscopy and bacterial isolation and culture testing, and were identified as bovine anthrax, the source of the epidemic was determined to be dead cattle; the mode of transmission was mainly direct contact infection. A total of 228 people were in contact with the epidemic, 19 directly involved in peeling and segmentation, and 11 in transportation and loading and unloading, all of which were included as the key observation subjects; 198 people who had the behaviors of buying, processing, eating and storage were all included as the general observation subjects.Conclusions:Slaughtering and contacting infected cattle by key occupational groups are the main reasons for the epidemic. Health education should be strengthened for key populations in rural aquaculture industry to prevent and control the occurrence of anthrax.
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【Objective】 To analyze the status of the platelet antibody screening and crossmatch in Chengdu in 2019, so as to further improve the corresponding detection strategy to improve the clinical transfusion efficacy. 【Methods】 The patients underwent platelet antibody crossmatch in Chengdu Blood Center in 2019 were selected as research objects Platelet antibody screening and crossmatch were performed by solid-phase agglutination technique, and the sample size, the incidence of platelet antibod, age, blood group, seasonal chracteristics, hospital levels, ratio of repeated crossmatch and the transfusion efficacy were analyzed. 【Results】 321 treatment doses of matched platelets after 259 occasions of crossmatch relative to 85 patients were provided. The positive rate of platelet antibody was 87.06%. 64.71% of the patients were over 40 years old, the proportion of ABO group in crossmatch samples was O>A>B>AB, and the crossmatch cases increased each quarter gradually. All samples were provided by tertiary hospitals. 52.94% of the patients needed crossmatch at least twice, and the efficacy rate of matched platelets transfusion was 63.64%. 【Conclusion】 The platelet transfusion efficacy could by improved by platelet antibody screening and crossmatch, so as to avoid the waste of platelets, which deserves active promotion in clinical.
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Objective:To construct an expression system of lentivirus vector encoding epidermal growth factor receptor-specific chimeric antigen receptor (EGFR-CAR) and programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) antibody.Methods:Human PD-L1-Fc protein was used to immunize BALB/c mice. Cell-fusion and subcloning were performed to screen stable hybridoma strains with high secretion of PD-L1-specific antibodies, which were identified by both ELISA and Western blot. The activity of the antibodies in blocking the binding of programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) to PD-L1 was determined by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). Antibody affinity was analyzed by Fortebio Octet96. A single-chain variable fragment (scFv) was further constructed after antibody full-length sequencing and humanization using CDR grafting method. Meanwhile, the genes encoding the light and heavy chain variable regions (VL and VH) were cloned from a hybridoma secreting antibody against human EGFR by 5′ RACE technology to construct scFv gene. The expression of scFv was confirmed using pcDNA3.1 vector. EGFR-CAR containing CD137 intracellular function domain and PD-L1-scFv was ligated using 2A gene. The synthetic single molecule was cloned into pLVX-EF1a-IRES-ZsGreen1 lentivirus expression vector, and then transfected into 293T cells using Lenti-X Packaging Single Shots (VSV-G) to prepare infectious virus. Expression of CAR on cell surface and the soluble form of PD-L1-scFv in the supernatant of transfected 293V cells were detected by FACS and ELISA.Results:A PD-L1 antibody named 11E3 with high ligand-receptor blocking performance was obtained. The humanized antibody showed a stable affinity (2.67×10 -10 mol/L) after directly grafting the mouse CDRs (CDR1, CDR2 and CDR3) to human frameworks. EGFR-scFv was effectively expressed in a form of Fc-fusion. Secretory CAR (CTZ0431-1) and membrane CAR (CTZ0431-2) expression plasmids were constructed using lentivirus vector containing EGFR-CAR and PD-L1-scFv. The infection efficiency in 293V cells was around 10%. EGFR-scFv on the cell membranes and PD-L1-scfv in the culture supernatants were detected after 293V cells were infected with CTZ0431-1. EGFR-scFv and PD-L1-scfv were expressed on the cell membranes of 293V cells infected with CTZ0431-2. The expression rate of CAR in LV-CART46407-1-transfected activated T cells was 39.3%. Conclusions:The lentivirus vectors co-expressing EGFR-CAR with moderate binding affinity and PD-L1-scFv with high binding affinity were successful constructed, which provided an essential tool for investing EGFR- and PD-L1 double targeted CAR-T cell therapy against solid tumor.
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Objective: To investigate the prognostic value of prognostic nutritional index (PNI) in patients with diffuse large B-cell lym-phoma (DLBCL). Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 82 patients with DLBCL treated at Tianjin Union Medi-cal Center between June 2010 and June 2016. The optimal cutoff value of PNI was determined using a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the Youden index. The relationship of high and low PNI with the clinical characteristics of the patients, therapeutic ef-ficacy, and prognosis were analyzed. Results: Overall, mean PNI of the patients was 46.17±8.8. When the PNI was 44.15, the Youden in-dex was found to be maximal, with a sensitivity of 74.6% and specificity of 67.2%. There were 38 patients (46.3%) in the low PNI group (<44.15) and 44 patients (53.7%) in the high PNI group (≥44.15). Data analysis showed that PNI was correlated with Eastern Coopera-tive Oncology Group performance status (ECOG PS), Ann Arbor stage, international prognostic index (IPI) score, and lactic acid dehydro-genase (LDH) level (P<0.05). The total effective rate of the low PNI group was significantly lower than that of the high PNI group (65.8% vs. 86.4%; χ2=4.848; P=0.028). The 3-year overall survival (OS) rate of the entire group of patients was 69.1%. The 1-, 2-, and 3-year OS rates of the low PNI group (86.8%, 67.8%, and 56.9%, respectively) were significantly lower than that of the high PNI group (96.7%, 89.5%, and 80.2%, respectively; χ2=9.421, P=0.002). Univariate analysis showed that PNI<44.15, ECOG PS≥2, IPI>2, stageⅢ/Ⅳ, and lymphocyte count<1.0×109/L had a significant impact on predicting OS (P<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that PNI<44.15 (P=0.006) and stageⅢ/Ⅳ(P=0.011) were independent factors for predicting OS. Conclusions: PNI might be used as a simple and feasible clinical prognostic indicator in patients with DLBCL.
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Heat stroke (HS) is a life-threatening illness characterized by an altered level of consciousness with an elevated core body temperature 40 ℃, which may be further classified as exertional heat stroke (EHS) or classical heat stroke (CHS) according to the etiology of the condition. In recent years, the morbidity of EHS increases year by year. The severity and clinical outcome for an EHS casualty have a strong correlation with the area under the time and temperature curve for heat exposure. The early recognition and rapid cooling body core temperature ≤38.9 ℃ within 30 minutes of EHS results in the best clinical outcome and minimize severe multiple organ dysfunction and death for patients. Cold water immersion (CWI) is considered as an optimum cooling method for the reversal of hyperthermia in EHS. Some alternative modalities have also shown acceptable cooling rate, for example, the subjects immersed in a circulated water bath controlled below 20 ℃, tarp-assisted cooling with oscillation, body cooling unit, undressed, air-conditioned room, the whole body and large vessels placed ice packs, massaging the extremities; cold intravenous saline applied to dehydrated one. It is necessary to monitor body core temperature for hypothermia and/or recurrent hyperthermia, and to provide physical care for shivering, agitation, or concerns with the potential discomfort combativeness that may occur during cooling process. In this paper, pre-hospital recognition, care, monitoring and rapid cooling treatment measures of EHS have been reviewed to provide references for early identification of EHS and scientific, reasonable and effective cooling treatment.
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Objective To study the radiation-protective effect of diallyl disulfide(DADS)in germ cells of male mice. Methods Male mice were whole-body exposured to 4 Gy X-ray irradiation to establish a animal radiation damage model. Testicular histology, sperm motility and sperm deformity rate were observed, protein carbonyl content, malondialdehyde(MDA)and 8-hydroxy deoxyguanosine(8-OHdG)content were tested to assess the degrees of radiation damages of sperm cells and protective effect of DADS. Testicular tissue antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD),catalase(CAT),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-px)activity and glutathione(GSH)content were examined. The expression of Nrf2 signal protein was detected to explore the radiation-protective mechanism of DADS. Results Compared with the pure exposure group, the testicular tissue damages in the DADS pretreatment group were milder, sperm motility increased significantly(P< 0.05)and sperm deformity rate decreased(P< 0.05), and the protein carbonyl content, MDA and 8-OHdG levels significantly reduced(P< 0.05). The antioxidant indexes of SOD, CAT, GSH-px and GSH were markedly improved(P< 0.05),and the expression of Nrf2 was dramatically enhanced. Conclusions DADS has a protective effect on acute radiation injury in germ cells of male mice by means of anti-oxidative ability.
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Objective To investigate the effect of anti-inlammation and antiulcer in rats of Erkou powder and Erkou film.Methods The rats were divided into six groups according to random number table:control group,Guilin watermelon frost group,Erkou powder low dose group,Erkou powder high dose group,Erkou film low dose group and Erkou film high dose group,each with 12.Guilin watermelon frost group was given 0.7 g/kg,Ekou powder low dose group and high dose group were respectively given 14.56,29.12 mg/kg,Erkou film low dose group and high dose group were given 19.25,38.5 mg/kg by intragastric administration.Control group was given the same volume of normal sodium by intragastric administration.To observe the inhibitory actions of paw edema induced by carrageenan of big rats,the increase of abdominal cavity capillary permeability in rats due to acetic acid and effect of oral ulcer healing on aceti acid-cautery type oral ulcer rats.Results Compared with the control group,1 h and 3 h after injection of 1％ carrageenan,the paw edema of rats were significantly reduced in Guilin watermelon frost group,Erkou powder high dose group and Erkou film high dose group (P＜0.01 or P＜0.05).Compared with the control group,the absorbance (0.62 ± 0.08,0.62 ± 0.17,0.64 ± 0.15 vs.0.82 ± 0.24) of peritoneal lavage fluid in Guilin watermelon frost group,Erkou powder high dose group and Erkou film high dose group were significantly decreased (P＜0.05).Compared with the control group,the diameter of ulcer area (3.16 ± 0.68 mm,3.12 ± 0.45 mm,3.22 ± 0.59 mm,3.23 ± 0.70 mm vs.3.90 ± 0.72 mm) of rat in Guilin watermelon frost group,Erkou powder low dose group,Erkou powder high dose group and Erkou film high dose group were significantly decreased (P＜0.01 or P＜0.05) in the third day.Compared with the control group,the diameter of ulcer area (1.93 ± 0.49 mm,1.39 ± 0.42 mm,2.01 ± 0.45 mm,1.98 ± 0.61 mm vs.2.69 ± 0.74 mm) of rat in Guilin watermelon frost group,Erkou powder low dose group,Erkou powder high dose group and Erkou film high dose group were significantly decreased (P＜0.01 or P＜0.05) in the fifth day.Compared with the control group,the healing time of oral ulcer (7.20 ± 0.67 d,6.64 ± 0.67 d,7.27 ± 0.90 d,7.27 ± 0.90 d vs.8.37 ± 1.12 d) of rat in Guilin watermelon frost group,Erkou powder low dose group,Erkou powder high dose group and Erkou film high dose group were significantly shortened.Conclusions Both Erkou plastics and Erkou powder have the effects of resisting inflammation and promoting the healing of oral ulcers.
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Objective To observe the human papillomavirus(HPV) prevalence and its distribution character among females in Changzhou and to provide epidemiological data for the prevention of cervical cancer and development of HPV vaccine .Methods The clinical material consisted of 32215 women ,who were from Changzhou Hospital T .C .M ,Changzhou Maternal and Child Health Care ,The Second People's Hospital of Changzhou and Changzhou Wujin Hospital from January 2014 to June 2016 .17 kinds of high-risk subtypes (HPV16 ,18 ,31 ,33 ,35 ,39 ,,45 ,51 ,52 ,53 ,56 ,58 ,59 ,66 ,68 ,73 ,82) and 6 kinds of low-risk subtypes (HPV6 ,11 ,42 ,43 ,81 ,83) were detected .All cases were divided into six groups according to the age (<20 ;>21 to 30;31 to 40 ;41 to 50 ;51 to 60 ;and>61) and the age distribution of women infected with HPV and genotypes of HPV were analyzed .Results Out of 32215 cervical cell specimens ,8396 cases were detected HPV infections with the position rate of 26 .06% .In seventeen types of high-risk HPV ,HPV 16 (4 .55% ) were the most common subtype ,followed by 52 (4 .43% ) ,58 (2 .75% ) ,53 (2 .42% ) ,51 (2 .16% ) ,68 (1 .85% ) ,56 (1 .73% ) ,33 (1 .40% ) ,18 (1 .38% ) ,66 (1 .33% ) ,59 (1 .26% ) ,39 (1 .08% ) ,31 (1 .02% ) ,35 (0 .89% ) ,45 (0 .42% ) ,73 (0 .26% ) ,and 82 (0 .15% ) .Six types of low-risk HPV were detected ,of which HPV 81 (2 .96% ) was the most common subtypes ,followed by 43 (1 .86% ) ,42 (1 .62% ) ,6 (1 .27% ) ,11 (0 .80% ) and 83 (0 .26% ) .Conclusion The predominant genotypes of HPV 16 and ,52 infection in female reproductive tract are the highest .
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Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of combined acupuncture and medicine in treating kidney deficiency and phlegm dampness syndrome in obese polycystic ovary syndrome. Method Sixty-four patients were randomly allocated to two groups. The treatment group received combined acupuncture and medicine and the control group, oral administration of metformin. The course of treatment was three months. Pre-treatment and post-treatment indicators were statistically analyzed in the two groups of patients. Result BMI, waist to hip ratio, fasting insulin, fasting blood glucose and HOMA-IR improved significantly in the treatment group of patients after treatment; there were statistically significant pre-/post-treatment differences (P<0.05). Post-treatment BMI and waist to hip ratio improved more markedly in the treatment group than in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Combined acupuncture and medicine has a better therapeutic effect on kidney deficiency and phlegm dampness syndrome in obese polycystic ovary syndrome.
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Objective To investigate the effect of bisdemethoxycurcumin on the proliferation and apoptosis of melanoma B16-F10 cells. Methods The B16-F10 cells were incubated with bisdemethoxycurcumin for 24 h, and MTT assay was used to detect the proliferation of B16-F10 cell. Flow cytometry was used to detect cell cycle and cell apoptosis. A C57BL/6 mouse melanoma model was established to investigate the effect of bisdemethoxycurcumin on the proliferation of melanoma. Expression of BCL-1 in B16-F10 cells and tissues was detected by western blotting assay. Results bisdemethoxycurcumin could significantly inhibit B16-F10 cell proliferation, induce B16-F10 cell apoptosis and block the cell cycle at S phase. The intravenous dosing of bisdemethoxycurcumin could inhibit the growth of melanoma. Bisdemethoxycurcumin could inhibit the expression of BCL-1. Conclusion Bisdemethoxycurcumin can inhibit the proliferation of B16-F10 cell, resulting from its role in promoting cell apoptosis.
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Objective]To introduce professor Li Shuping's clinical experience by invigorating kidney and activating blood in treating recurrent spontaneous abortion prethrombotic state.[Method]By following professor Li Shuping's clinical diagnosis and treatment and organizing related cases ,to sum up professor Li Shuping's academic thoughts and clinical experience on the recurrent spontaneous abortion prethrombotic state ,and for proven cases.[Result] Professor Li Shuping thinks the disease of traditional Chinese medicine dialectical belongs to kidney deficiency and blood stasis ,so the basic principle of treatment is to invigorate kidney and activate blood.Professor Li Shuping is good at using invigorating kidney and promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis,invigorating kidney and activating blood and tonifying qi,invigorating kidney and spleen,invigorating kidney and promoting blood circulation to remove heat.According to the pathogenesis treatment and flexible adjustment,the clinical curative effect is very good. And it is attached test cases of Shoutai Pills with the combination of Angelica Peony Powder treatment of kidney deficiency and blood stasis type recurrent spontaneous abortion. [Conclusion] Professor Li Shuping has unique clinical experience ,her clinical thought of invigorate kidney and activate blood is worthy our deep experiencing and study.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Chronic hypoxia at high altitude might result in cardiopulmonary adaptations including pulmonary arterial hypertension and cardiac remodeling. But little is known about the adaptive changes in healthy children born and living at high altitude. We compared the echocardiographic measurements between the healthy children living at 16 m (Shanghai, n = 220) and 3 700 m (Qinghai, total 257, Han children 117, Tibetan children 140).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Children's age ranged from 15 d to 14 years. Echocardiography measurements were performed, values of the left and right ventricular dimensions and wall thickness, systolic and diastolic function including cardiac output index (CI), as well as mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) were obtained.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>mPAP and right heart dimension, CI, right ventricular anterior wall thickness were significantly higher while ventricular systolic and diastolic function were significantly lower in 3 700 m group than in 16 m group (all P < 0.05). Left ventricular dimension was similar between the two groups. There were no differences on above measured parameters between the Han and Tibetan children from 3 700 m group (all P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Children born and living at high altitude in China have significantly higher mPAP, dilated right heart and lower systolic and diastolic function of both ventricles and higher CI compared to children born and living at see-level. Above parameters were similar between the Han and the Tibetan childen born and living at high altitude. Present study provides reference values for the healthy children living at high altitude.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Altitude , Asian People , China , Diastole , Echocardiography , Heart , Heart Ventricles , Hypertension, Pulmonary , Hypoxia , Lung , SystoleABSTRACT
Objective To explore the in vitro cytotoxicity of sunitinib in highly metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma cell line MHCC97-H, and the effect of it on the expression level of focal adhesion kinase (FAK). Methods MHCC97-H hepatoma cells were cultured and divided into control group and experimental (sunitinib) group. Experimental groups were added 2.5, 5,10 and 20μmol/L of sunitinib for 24, 48 and 72 hours respectively. The morphological changes were observed before and after sunitinib treatment in MHCC97-H with Giemsa stain. The inhibitory rate of proliferation in MHCC97-H was detected by MTT assay. The expressions of FAK protein before and after sunitinib treatment were detected by Western blot assay. Results Sunitinib showed the inhibitory effect on hepatoma cell line MHCC97-H. Giemsa staining showed that chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation, apoptotic bodies and other typical morphological features. The inhibitory rate was the most obvious in 48-h treatment group. The inhibitory rates were (0.433 ± 0.115)%, (32.863 ± 1.471)%, (49.240 ± 2.256)%, (63.797±2.707)%and (58.887±3.409)%for 2.5, 5, 10 and 20μmol/L concentration groups, and there were signifi-cant differences between groups (P<0.05). Results of Western blot assay showed that the expression levels of FAK protein were significantly reduced after different concentrations of sunitinib treatment for 48 h (P<0.05). Conclusion Sunitinib has inhibitory effect on hepatoma cell line MHCC97-H, enhances the apoptosis and decreases the the expression of FAK pro-tein.
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ObjectiveInvestigate the value and feasibility of image registration with reverse rotation in lateral cerebral DSA.Methods ( 1 ) Experimental study:the target images were subtracted directly,and subtracted again after reverse rotation.Software of registration and subtraction with reverse rotation edited by the author utilizing Visual Basic.The function of the automatic angle detection by the software were evaluated to see whether it detected the angle of line.The subtraction function of DSA by the software was evaluated.(2) Clinical retrospective study:the untreated mask and target inages of 15 patients with motion along vertical axis during lateral cerebral DSA were uploaded to the software.The target images were processed with and without the software to get two sets of images.( 3 ) Evaluation:four experienced radiologists read and compared the two sets of the images,and graded their findings.Results ( 1 ) The automatic detection by the software suggested that the target images should be rotated counterclockwise 1.3°. The subtraction result of the software was satisfactory.(2)In the 15 sets of images,there were only three sets of images deemed optimal after traditional subtraction.After reverse rotation,artifacts were significantly reduced and the image sharper. There were ten cases with significant artifacts after traditional subtraction,and those images were sharper and showed more peripheral vessels after reverse rotation. The traditional subtraction images of two sets could not be interpreted,the reverse rotation registration images reached the diagnostic quality.(3)Subjective evaluation: there were more information and less noise and distortion in the registration images with reverse rotation than in the traditional subtraction. But the image resolution decreased slightly after reverse rotation registration.ConclusionThe registration of digital angiography with reverse rotation can improve the image quality in lateral cerebral DSA.
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Objective To investigate the action mechanism of an anti-photosensitivity mixture on skin photodamage. Methods Twenty-eight BLAB/c mice were divided into 4 groups, i.e., normal control group,treatment group, negative and positive control groups; the last three groups were irradiated with a single dose of UVB at 300 mJ/cm2 after 7-day pretreatment with sodium chloride physiological solution, anti-photosensitivity mixture, and hydroxychloroquine, respectively. Twenty-four hours after the irradiation, mice were killed and skin tissue samples were obtained at the irradiated sites. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) and immunohistochemical staining were carried out to detect cell apoptosis,Fas and Caspase-3 protein expressions respectively. Results An increase was observed in the expression level of Fas and Caspase-3 and in the apoptotic index in keratinocytes from UV-irradiated mice compared with unirradiated control mice (all P ＜ 0.01 ). In comparison with sodium chloride physiological solution, the antiphotosensitivity mixture suppressed the UV irradiation-induced increase in the expression intensity of Fas and Caspase-3 and apoptotic index in keratinocytes (P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01 ). Conclusions The anti-photosensitivity mixture could alleviate UV-induced inflammatory damage to and apoptosis in epidermal keratinocytes, likely by regulating cell apoptosis and Caspase-3 pathway.
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To understand the higher medical clinical teaching base teachers'demand for the training of basic teaching skills,we use our self-made questionaire to make a survey on teachers of specialty and the result shows that the trachers of different age and different technical post title have different demand.We thus put forward some suggestions to enhance the clinical teaching base teachers'teaching level